In p-type substances, the minority carriers are:
In p-type substances, the minority carriers are:
Protons | |
Electrons | |
Neutrons | |
Holes |
Protons | |
Electrons | |
Neutrons | |
Holes |
Alumimium | |
Phosphorous | |
Indium | |
Boron |
Antimony, indium | |
Boron, gallium | |
Aresenic antimony | |
Aresinci, phosphorus |
Indium | |
Gallium | |
Boron | |
Antimony |
Indium, galium | |
Antimony, arsenic | |
Germanium, silicon | |
Diamond, carbon |
Holes | |
Free electrons | |
Portons | |
Mesons |
Pentavalent | |
Tetravalent | |
Trivalent | |
Monovalent |
Arsenic | |
Boron | |
Aluminium | |
Indium |
1 to 104 | |
1 to 105 | |
1 to 106 | |
1 to 103 |
102(?m)-1 | |
10-7(?m)-1 | |
10-2(?m)-1 | |
107(?m)-1 |
10-4to10+4(?m)-1 | |
10-8to10-4(?m)-1 | |
10-10to10-1(?m)-1 | |
104to108(?m)-1 |
107(?m)-1 | |
105(?m)-1 | |
109(?m)-1 | |
103(?m)-1 |
Hard substances | |
Soft substances | |
Ductile substances | |
Brittle substances |
Tungsten | |
High steel carbon | |
Wrought iron | |
Copper |
Wrought iron | |
Lead | |
Copper | |
All of them |
Strain | |
Stress | |
Elasticity | |
Plasticity |
1.5×109Nm?2 | |
3.9×109Nm?2 | |
2×1011Nm?2 | |
2×109Nm?2 |
1 | |
Zero | |
3 | |
2 |
Work | |
Momentum | |
Force | |
Pressure |
Mesons | |
Leptons | |
Hadrons | |
Baryons |